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移工公投引發社會關注,全台突破千人投票

by yu.fen
Monday October 2nd, 2017
in Vietnamese Worker in Taiwan, Taiwanese worker
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勞團17日發起「模擬移工公投」,雖不具法律效力,但盼移工能為攸關自己權利的政策發聲,並讓移工剝削議題受社會關注。擔任印尼通譯的阮小姐擔心,若移工可自由轉換雇主,外勞逃跑後誰來負責?前移民署署長謝立功建議,勞動部應設立平台,提供申訴管道,並安排通譯解決語言不通的問題;台灣外籍工作者發展協會理事長徐瑞希則指出,政府要「廢除仲介制度」執行有難度,雇主調整心態才更加迫切。

移工公投提出三大訴求,包括「家務勞工應受勞動法令保障」、「廢除仲介制度,強制政府直接引進移工」和「移工可自由轉換雇主」。

廢仲介仍有難度

徐瑞希受訪時表示,移工制度不合理是長期累積,透過公投可把議題拋出來讓社會討論,讓台灣政府和母國聽到移工的聲音才是主要目的。雖然公投只有象徵性意義,但她仍認為有機會促成政策改善。

「勞團主張廢除仲介制度,強制政府直接引進移工,執行上恐有難度。」徐瑞希認為,直接引進移工的確是最有保障的方案,但仲介制度需要國與國之間協商,一方面是台灣有無籌碼要求對方配合,另一方面則是在於母國政治情勢,尤其像越南不是民主國家,即便移工抗議仲介費過高,政府也不會處理。

印尼通譯阮小姐擔心,若移工可自由轉換雇主,未來誰能像雇主保證移工不會逃跑?顯示勞雇雙方關係惡化,前移民署署長謝立功也指出,「移工不能自由轉換雇主」是造成台灣逃逸外勞這麼多的原因。他表示,移工簽訂一次合約為3年,為了支付龐大仲介費,即使工作3年,錢仍然不夠還,最終只能逃離雇主,成為逃逸外勞,引發社會問題,「導致雇主怕勞工跑走,移工也怕被雇主虐待」。

勞動部設平台處理

若要改善勞雇關係,制度面上,謝立功呼籲政府應透過立法,保障移工不被剝削,主管機關勞動部也應設立平台,提供申訴管道,並設立通譯解決語言不通的問題,對於有無法律不合理或雇主虐待情事,則要設立檢查機制。謝立功說,勞權組織或民意代表只能讓議題發酵、引起討論,但最終還是要靠公部門處理。徐瑞希補充,政府在宣導移工政策時,應要「符合移工使用習慣」,若只是架個網站宣傳,訊息無法有效進入移工社群,再多的宣導恐怕都是無效的。

謝立功認為,這次勞權團體站出來發起象徵性公投行動,就代表政府要先檢討,「制度面若有缺陷,就要修法,更何況建立申訴平台不需透過修法,可以馬上執行。」徐瑞希則提出不同看法,她認為政府改善移工制度最大的阻力是台灣對家庭看護的需求,「雇主有被照顧需要,要求移工24小時都要工作,但該給的休假還是要給,不是多給錢就能了事。」因此比起政府改善制度,雇主調整心態才更加迫切。

yu.fen

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